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Autor: xingfu shiguan
Asia?s Most Impressive Universities
(Reuters) - China and India hold the biggest populations from the Asia-pacific region, and the financial news coming out of both equally countries commonly dominates entire world headlines. But it?s their reasonably smaller regional neighbors Japan and South Korea that dominate the Reuters Top 75: Asia?s Most Impressive Universities, a list that identifies the educational institutions which might be executing by far the most to advance science, invent new technologies and assistance push the global economic climate. Outside of the best twenty universities, 17 are located in Japan and South Korea.
Topping the checklist as being the most impressive university in Asia is KAIST, also known as Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology. Established in 1971 by the Korean government with funding from the United States, the university was modeled after engineering schools in the U.S., and its instruction stresses problem-solving skills and hands-on experience over textbook learning.
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KAIST earned its first-place rank by producing original and influential research. Organizations around the globe cite KAIST?s patent portfolio as significant prior art in their own patent applications more than any other university in Asia ¨C a strong indicator that the university has an outsized impact on world wide research and development.
That?s a key criterion within the Reuters ranking, which was compiled with data from the Intellectual property & Science division of Thomson Reuters. The ranking is primarily based on a methodology that focuses on academic papers, which indicate basic research performed at a university, and patent filings, which point to an institution?s interest in protecting and commercializing its discoveries.
Universities located in Northeast Asia tend to produce a high volume of patent applications, and that helps their home countries stand out as hot spots for innovation in the Asia-pacific region. On average, the South Korean and Japanese universities on the record file twice as many patent applications than universities within the seven other ranked nations.
The second most modern university in Asia is Japan?s University of Tokyo. Established in 1877 as the nation?s first Imperial college, ?°Todai?± now enrolls more than 28,000 students, and operates 13 universitywide centers and 11 affiliated research institutes. Nearly 200 companies from across the environment partner with the University of Tokyo on collaborative research projects, including Johnson & Johnson, which helps sponsor the Department of Healthcare Quality Assessment, and Fujifilm Corp, which backs the Laboratory of Next Generation Drug Development.
The highest ranked school outside of Northeast Asia is the National College of Singapore (#11). When it was founded in 1905 since the Straits Settlements and Federated Malay States Government Medical School, NUS enrolled just 23 students. The university took its modern form after a 1980 merger with Nanyang College, and currently has about 38,000 students across three campuses.
China?s highest ranked university is Tsinghua University (#13), a public research college based in Beijing. The university has more than 45,000 students and its faculty includes eight Nobel laureates. Tsinghua is one of nine schools in mainland China that belong to the C9 League, an elite group of universities analogous to the Ivy League from the United States. Another league member, peking University (#16), is the only other Chinese university to crack the highest 20.
Overall, there are 22 Chinese universities on Reuters? ranking ¨C more than any other country. But that?s not as many as you might expect from such a large nation. China has a massive population of more than 1.37 billion people, so in terms of ranked universities per capita, it ranks eighth out of nine international locations. Compare that with top-ranked South Korea, which has twenty schools on the record and a rather tiny population of just over 50 million people. (Japan also has twenty ranked universities, Australia has six, Singapore, India and Malaysia each have two, and New Zealand has one.)
One reason Chinese universities don?t perform as well as their competitors: they tend to submit less of their research to international patent authorities. Universities outside of China are more likely to file patents inside the U.S. and Europe as well as in their home country, indicating that those establishments are invested in protecting and commercializing their discoveries.
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Chinese universities also don?t spend as much time collaborating with private industry. They publish relatively few journal articles in collaboration with industry co-authors, and are cited less often in articles published by corporate researchers. The Chinese universities that collaborate most often with industry are all based in the economically autonomous territory of Hong Kong, including the Chinese University of Hong Kong (#21) and Hong Kong College of Science & Technology (#30).
Other nations underperform on the ranking because in the way they organize their college systems. Despite boasting the world?s second-largest population (more than 1.25 billion) and one of its largest economies, only two Indian universities appear during the major 75, The Indian Institutes of Technology (#71) as well as the Indian Institute of Science - Bangalore (#72). The Indian Institutes of Technology is a network of 23 universities which centralize their patent administration, so it's not always possible to identify which constituent college was responsible for what research. As a result, Reuters ranked the entire system as opposed to individual universities. World-class campuses like IIT Delhi and IIT Bombay may have ranked much higher on the record if they weren?t grouped in with smaller and newer institutes like IIT Tirupati and IIT palakkad.
And some nations are missing from the record entirely. There are no ranked universities in Indonesia, which contains Asia?s third largest population. Nor are there any universities in pakistan or Bangladesh, the region?s fourth- and fifth-most populous countries, or any universities within the philippines and Vietnam, two of your region?s largest economies.
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Of course, just because a country doesn?t have any schools in the Reuters prime seventy five doesn?t mean their universities aren?t doing important research. Since the ranking measures innovation on an institutional level, it may overlook particularly revolutionary departments or programs. A college might rank low for overall innovation, but still operate one with the world?s most modern nanotechnology laboratories, for instance. And it?s important to remember that whether they rank within the best 10 or somewhere from the 70s, all the universities ranked within the Asia Leading seventy five count among the world?s best ¨C they all produce original research, create useful technology and stimulate the global overall economy.
In order to compile its ranking of Asia?s most innovative universities, the Ip & Science division of Thomson Reuters began by identifying more than 600 worldwide organizations ¨C including educational institutions, nonprofit charities and government-funded labs ¨C that publish by far the most academic research. Then they evaluated each candidate on 10 different metrics, trimmed the record so that it only included universities located in the Asia pacific region and ranked them primarily based on their performance.
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